The Eugenic ideals, for example, characterize the colonial phase of European imperialism, ongoing since the end of the XIX century, are visible in Brazil only in the second decade of the XX century. Thus, among the XIX and XX centuries, the existence of an overpopulated European continent should be considered in opposition to Americas, by demanding settlement, absorbed immigrants, and also, discussions and ideas from Europe. The XIII century brings the emergence of Medicine as an area of technical and scientific knowledge of male domain that since then, it is increasingly involved in the interests of population control, disciplinarization of the workforce and hygienization of space and social relations.īut these concerns vary according to contexts and times. However, it is important to clarify the historical process referred in our study. It has been built step by step and is deeply involved with the construction of medicine as an area of scientific knowledge. The exaltation and hegemony of the medical professional as responsible for ordering and standardizing issues concerning the female body is not new. The medicalization of the female body (Vieira, 2003) reports the case of a patient who, asked about how many times he should seek the doctor, replied: Every day! (P.11). It is important to identify the role of technological developments and their complexities - which do not allow lower-income classes to take decisions in regard to their own bodies and reproductive health - and schooling, specially through science and physical education classes whereby upper-class predominance is sustained. Through this process, male patriarchal and class predominance is maintained and the rift of social and gender inequalities grow wider. This study discusses, through bibliographic research, the recurrence of naturalization as basis for the medicalization of the female body, as a means of social control through biological reproduction, whereby behavioral standards, social class, ethnic and race differences are rearranged/redefined.
ICollege of Education, Biology sector, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro - Pessoa Endemy Department, National Scholl of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation - Cruz Institute, Scientific Literacy sector, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation - Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro
Tonia Costa I Eduardo Navarro Stotz II Danielle Grynszpan III Maria do Carmo Borges de Souza IV Naturalization and medicalization of the female body: social control through reproduction *
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